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Cruziana reticulata is an arthropod‐related ichnospecies that is characterized by a conspicuous net‐like scratch pattern whose initial formation and later preservation require the presence of consolidated substrates in shallow marine fine‐grained bottoms. There are two scenarios in which epifaunal to shallow infaunal benthic organisms may access firm siliciclastic substrates: first, by exposure of...
Fragments of filled wood‐borings were recently discovered from the Eocene–Oligocene Conglomerate and Sandstone Formation of the Malzieu Basin (Lozère, southern France). Propagation phase‐contrast X‐ray synchrotron microtomography (PPC‐SRμCT) was used to characterize their hidden inner structures. Virtual 2D sections and 3D reconstructions show that the inner microstructures of borings display a mudstone–wackestone...
New occurrences of Estrellichnus jacaensis in the deep‐marine turbidite deposits of the Eocene Hecho Group (Fiscal, Huesca, NE Spain) are described. Most of them include specimens preserved as ‘urban fossils’ located in several villages of the south‐central Pyrenees. Well‐preserved morphological features of the new specimens studied and their interactions with accompanying ichnotaxa allow reinterpreting...
Possible life cycle of some ancient plectambonitoids (order Strophomenida) from the Middle Ordovician of Russia is reconstructed based on the well‐preserved specimens composing the ontogenetic series. Four regions may be distinguished on their shell surface: protegulum, brephic shell, neanic shell and adult shell. The posterior margin of ventral protegulum bears pedicle sheath, which is a tubular...
We discuss the possible links between the fossil record of marine biodiversity, nutrient availability and primary productivity. The parallelism of the fossil records of marine phytoplankton and faunal biodiversity implicates the quantity (primary productivity) and quality (stoichiometry) of phytoplankton as being critical to the diversification of the marine biosphere through the Phanerozoic. The...
Quantitative data on molluscan larval conch fossil assemblages of ages ranging from the Ordovician (Argentina and the Baltic region), through Silurian (Austria), Devonian (Poland) to Carboniferous (Texas) supplement knowledge of early planktonic gastropods communities transformations. They show that larval shells of the bilaterally symmetrical bellerophontids and dextrally coiled gastropods with a...
A recent review by Lindskog & Young (2019) of a paper published in Lethaia by Bergström et al. (2018a) contains many errors, misleading statements and unsupported opinions. Their review claims that we did not consider biostratigraphy in our efforts to chemostratigraphically date the Winneshiek Shale. That this is incorrect is shown by the fact that Liu et al. (2017), which contains a two‐page...
The biogeography of Pliensbachian (Early Jurassic) brachiopods in western Tethys is investigated using complementary multivariate tools including metric and non‐metric ordination, additive cluster and bootstrapped spanning network analyses, as well as one‐way analysis of similarity and similarity percentage analysis. All analyses were conducted using the Dice and Simpson similarity indices for presence/absence...
Many infaunal marine invertebrates produce mucus excretions that play an important role in metal binding, authigenic mineralization and burrow stabilization. To date, only a handful of studies have characterized the functional groups that control the surface reactivity of burrow linings and backfills. This makes it difficult to place estimates on the overall impact that bioturbation has on metal cycling...
Modern burrowing organisms feed on microbial organic matter in matgrounds near hot springs on the margins of Lake Bogoria, a saline alkaline lake in the Kenya Rift Valley. The burrowers produce a low‐diversity trace assemblage similar to those produced by undermat miners during the Ediacaran–Cambrian transition. Despite obvious differences in body plans and phylogenetic affinities, these modern animals...
In some Devonian strata in the eastern Anti‐Atlas, fossil invertebrates are abundant, display a high taxonomic diversity and indicate many shifts in palaeoecology. This is reflected in changes in faunal composition of invertebrates and vertebrates. Fossils of jawed vertebrates of late Lochkovian and younger age have been recorded and are relatively common with their abundance and diversity increasing...
Profound changes to the species configuration of ecosystems globally during the 19th to 21st centuries, resulting from the introduction of neobiota, have produced a distinctive palaeontological signature in sedimentary deposits, here exemplified by those of the River Thames. Coring near Teddington Lock (ca. 4.3 m above sea level, ca. 89 km upstream from the mouth of the Thames estuary) yielded dense...
Occurrences of Late Permian coiled nautiloids are widespread but they have never been analysed in terms of spatial and temporal disparity changes. Morphometric analyses using the cardinal Raupian conch parameters: conch width index, umbilical width index and whorl expansion rate with subsequent analysis by using principal components analysis and non‐metric multidimensional scaling, allow the construction...
The Randeck Maar lake sediments from SW Germany were deposited during a climatic phase known as the Mid‐Miocene Climatic Optimum, providing a unique window into this last favourable period for a more thermophilous fauna in Central Europe. Previous palaeoecological reconstructions of Randeck Maar's environment focused on the flora and vertebrate fauna. Here, we present a palaeoecological analysis using...
The trace fossil Rhizocorallium is abundant in the shallow‐marine settings of the Upper Devonian Wangguangou Formation in Xichuan, Henan Province, northern margin of the South China block. Based on its morphological characteristics, the studied Rhizocorallium is attributed to Rhizocorallium commune var. auriforme. There is a significant compositional difference between the fillings of the marginal...
The mass occurrence of turritelline gastropod shells from the Lower Miocene of southern Germany allows for detailed studies of their palaeoecology, transport mechanisms, preservation potentials and the reconstruction of nutrient regimes. Changes in the fabric of the gastropod‐dominated beds are used to reconstruct a generally deepening environment corresponding to the Lower Miocene transgression within...
Thirteen fossiliferous limestone deposits from Cenozoic strata in the Talara Basin in northern Peru are identified as ancient methane‐seep deposits. Planktonic foraminifera and the existing stratigraphical framework of the Talara Basin indicate an early Oligocene, or possibly late Eocene, age of these deposits. They are found in three distinct areas – Belén, Cerro La Salina and Cerros El Pelado –...
Since 2010 when the North American ELKHORN and Baltoscandic PAROVEJA isotope excursions were first described and named, their mutual age relations have remained uncertain, if not controversial. This was at least partly due to the incompleteness of the ELKHORN excursion in its reference section in western Ohio. The unexpected discovery of an apparently complete ELKHORN excursion in a drill core from...
We hypothesize that the diversification of motile marine arthropods with hard carapaces resulted in a concurrent increase in the diversity of encrusting marine bryozoans whose larvae exploited those substrates through the Mesozoic and Cenozoic. To test this, family‐level data were tabulated from the literature on the post‐Palaeozoic diversity of motile marine arthropod basibionts and sessile marine...
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